Jon Caldara, president of the Golden-based conservative think tank, said the motion poses a challenge to the 2007 School Finance Act, or Senate Bill 199, which affects school property tax rates.
According to a fiscal impact statement from the Legislative Staff Council, revenues from the freeze were estimated to be $141 million.
Caldara contends the legislation violates TABOR -- a Constitutional amendment approved by voters in 1992 -- by raising net tax revenue without voter approval.
"The main point we'd like to make is this is not about money or about the programs that may or may not funded with the money, this is about respect for the Constitution," Caldara said. "Quite simply, we agree with [Attorney General John Suthers'] opinion that this is a violation of the Constitution and needs to be voted on by the voters."
Shortly after SB 199 was approved by Colorado Gov. Bill Ritter in May, Suthers released a memo saying the bill should go to voters under TABOR.
In an interview with the Denver Business Journal, Caldara urged business leaders to "keep a close eye" on the lawsuit.
"If the state can raise property taxes without a public vote, businesses should know it's easier to raise taxes for commercial property," Caldara said.
He added that SB 199, which was called the Colorado's Children's Amendment, doesn't guarantee that revenues from the freeze will all go to public schools.
Ritter's office released a statement in response to the lawsuit, saying it was "politically motivated and threatens to hold our children and our local schools hostage."
"SB 199 has great support around Colorado from business organizations to community colleges to local school districts," the statement said.
The governor's office added that Ritter's counsel issued opinions that put SB 199 on "solid legal footing."
"We look forward to vigorously defending the children of Colorado against this lawsuit," the statement said.
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